初中英语句子成分有几种
日期：2020年01月07日 分类：优美句子
在明确了主语后，我们再来说谓语。谓语是用来回答、说明、解释主语
“
做什么
”
、
“
是
什么
”
、
“
怎么样
”
等的部分。英语句子中，除少数情况外，谓语必须是动词。而且，除了倒
装等特殊情况外，谓语的位置相对来说是固定的，它总是位于主语的后面。
1. His parents are teachers.
（系动词和表语一起作谓语）
2. We study hard.
（行为动词作谓语）
3. We have finished reading the book.
（助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）
4. He can speak English.
（情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）
（三）
、宾语
从语法角度说，及物动词后面要接宾语
。从意义上来说，宾语是动
作的对象、目标。
宾语是对谓语动词的进一步说明和解释。
1. We often help him.
（代词作宾语）
2. He likes to play basketball.
（不定式作宾语）
3. We enjoy listening to the music.
（动名词短语作宾语）
4. She said
that she felt sick.
（从句做宾语）
The sun gives us light and warmth.
（
us
为间接宾语，
light and warmth
为直接宾语）
1
、间接宾语多指人，直接宾语多指物。可以带两个宾语的动词有：
bring, give, show, send,
pass, tell
等。
间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。
2
、如果强调直接宾语，可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的前面，但间接宾语前须加介词
“to”
或
“for”
接
to
的动词有：
give, bring, pass, lend, sell, send, show, tell, write
等。
Give your mother the letter.
＝
Give
the letter
to
your mother.
直接宾语
间接宾语
接
for
的动词有：
buy, find, cook, draw, get, sing
等。
Can you find me my bag?
＝
Can you find
my bag
for
me?
直接宾语
间接宾语
这正是：人前物后看清楚，换位要加
for
或
to
（四）
、宾语补足语
现在一般认为，宾语补足语是对宾语进行进一步的补充说明。宾语补足语主要与英语及物
动词有关。这个问题我想分两点来说明。
1
、英语中有些及物动词，不但会涉及到一个对象
，还会使宾语产生一种结果。动词
引发宾语的结果就是宾语补足语。例如：
We call him Little Tom.
They made her happy.
I find smoking bad for health.
这一类带宾语补足语的动词有：
regard, see
；
treat, take
；
consider, look up, refer to, accept, acknowledge
；
describe, use, show, organize, express
等。
2
、英语中表示看、听之类的动词，不仅看到一个人
，还会看到他在做什么事。宾语
所做的事也是宾语补足语。例如：
I saw a bird in a cage.
We heard her singing a song.
这一类带宾语补足语动词有：
see, hear, notice, watch, feel, observe
等。
补充说明：
I'm going to paint it pink.
句子中的
it
显然是宾语。但是主语将要做的并不是
it
，而是
paint it pink
pink
是句子
中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是执行了
paint
的动作。
句子中的
pink
是形容词做宾语补足语。能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：不定
式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾
语之后。
比如：
I find learning English difficult.（一）指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2. 谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
We study English. He is asleep.（二）. 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. （名词） Seventy-four! You don't look it. （代词）Five and five is ten. （数词） He is asleep. （形容词）His father is in.（副词） The picture is on the wall. （介词短语）My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）（常见的系动词有： be, sound（听起来）， look（看起来）， feel（摸起来，smell（闻起来）， taste（尝、吃起来）， remain（保持，仍是）， feel（感觉）…… It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.The door remains open. Now I feel tired. （三） 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim？③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤ She was the first to learn about it.4. 宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。
放在及物动词或者介词之后。
如：I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词）How many do you need? We need two. （数词）I enjoy working with you. （动名词）I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said？ （宾语从句） 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.（四） 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother hasn't done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④ How many new words did you learn last class？⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?5. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. （名词） We all think it a pity that she didn't come here. （名词）We will make them happy. （形容词） We found nobody in. （ 副词 ） Please make yourself at home. （介词短语） Don't let him do that. （省to不定式）His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式）Don't keep the lights burning. （现在分词） I'll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）（五） 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.② He asked her to take the boy out of school.③ She found it difficult to do the work.④ They call me Lily sometimes.⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?6. 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词）We belong to the third world.（数词） He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）The man over there is my old friend.（副词）The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. （介词）The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）I have an idea to do it well.（不定式） You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）（六） 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.② What is your given name？③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.7. 状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。
表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条...
求英语怎么分析英语句子成分,最好复杂句例题多点的。
句子的成分1. 主语—主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
注意：不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型。
2. 谓语—说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须用动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
3. 表语¬—表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。
它的位置在系动词后面。
*注意区别：My job is teaching. 与 I am teaching now.4. 宾语—宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后。
5. 状语—状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。
一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。
状语一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。
6. 定语—定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。
形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以担任定语。
因为它是修饰名词或代词的，而名词和代词又可以作主语，还可以作表语和宾语，所以定语的位置很灵活，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。
英语常用的句型结构1、 S + vi2、 S + link verb + predicative3、 S + vt +o4、 S + vt + o （间接） + o （直接）5、 S +vt+ o + o c6、 There be + s + … 简单句的五个基本句型 种类 句型 主语 S. 主语部分 谓语动词V. 表语P. 宾语O. 宾语补足语OC.第1种 S +V We work.（不及物） 第2种 S+V+O He plays（及物） the piano. 第3种 S+V+P We are（系动词） students. 第4种 S+V+ino（间接宾语）+Do（直接宾语） She gave（及物） me a pen. 第5种 S+V+O+C He made（及物） the boy laugh.第6种 There be+S There are thirty days this month.The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left—all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.[分析]此句有两个谓语：stopped和deprived；句子主干是：“The Aswan Dam stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the silt...”。
第一个silt后面有一个that引导的从句that floods left修饰silt；破折号后面的all代替的是破折号前面所说的the fertile silt，介词短语in return for后面的宾语带了一个which引导的从句，修饰的是这个宾语：a giant reservoir of disease，同时这个从句中还有一个so... that的结构。
如果把这个which引导的从句分解开来就是The reservoir is now full of silt, so it barely generates electricity。
[译文]以阿斯旺大坝为例，它阻止了尼罗河洪水泛滥，但也使埃及失去了洪水冲击过后留下的肥沃土壤，换回来的是这么一个疾病滋生的水库。
现在这个水库积满了淤泥，几乎不能发电了。
There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.[分析]句子主干是“There is a 'disjunction' between the mass and the picture...”，中间的人名及其职位可以当作插入语。
between后面的名词带有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰的是business anecdote,that在这个从句中充当的是主语；and后面的名词the picture后面跟的是过去分词reflected，表示的是一种被动关系。
[译文]正如财政部长罗伯特•鲁宾所说的，生产力发生飞跃的商业传奇与统计数字所反映的情况之间存在着一种“脱节”。
New ways of organizing the workplace—all that reزengineering and downsizing—are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.[分析]句子主干是：“New ways are one contribution...”，此句中new ways后面of organizing the workplace限定了new ways的内容；破折号之间的部分是进一步说明new ways of organizing the workplace的一些具体内容；contribution后面的to接的是名词宾语，这之后有一个which引导的定语从句，修饰的是前面的名词an economy。
在这个定语从句中by后面的宾语是factors，后面的such as跟随的三个名词短语就是列举的内容。
[译文]企业重组的新方法——所有那些重新设计和缩小规模的做法——只是对一个经济的整体生产力做出了一方面的贡献，而这种经济的发展还受到许多其他因素的驱动，如设备、机械上的联合投资，新技术，以及教育和培训上的投资。
初中英语关于从句的简单句子成分划分
我任教英语10多年了，关于英语完形填空解题技巧解题技巧，要抓住两个个重点。
1、词汇方面：词汇是英语学习的基础。
很多学生反映，在阅读过程中觉得有些单词非常面熟，可却不知道是什么意思，所以整篇文章理解起来记忆不知所云，造成阅读障碍。
如果考试大纲要求记忆的词汇没有掌握的话，在通篇理解文章时就会困难重重。
高效阅读的方法需要训练，是一种眼脑相互协调的高效率学习方法，一般情况下，培养阅读者直接把视觉器官感知的文字符号转换成意义，消除头脑中潜在的发声现象，形成眼脑直映，结合记忆训练，用以提高学习效率。
由于大家平时对快速阅读接触不多，可以通过直接训练，训练大脑和眼睛的协调能力，去年，有学者推荐《精英特全脑速读记忆软件》作为假期学生学习计划中，以为软件练习30个小时就能使阅读速度提高5-10倍左右，学习每天练习1-2个小时，两个星期就能取得很好的效果，普通人300字每分钟左右的阅读速度会达到3000字每分钟的阅读速度，记忆力也相应的快速提升。
这个建议得到了中央教科所心理研究室原主任、多年从事脑心理研究的专家朱法良的高度认可，目前我们学习很多班级开展的假期速读速记训练课程，用的就是《精英特全脑速读记忆软件》2、为了节省时间在做阅读的时候应该切忌：阅读时不要逐字逐句的翻译，这样会导致阅读速度的降低，要快速阅读整篇文章，把握文章大意。
不要一句话反复阅读，即阅读时碰到一时不理解的句子就一遍一遍地沉浸在阅读那个句子当中，反复琢磨。
其实完全没有必要，因为要选对答案并不意味着对原文的每个句子都要读懂，抓住一些重点句子就够了，正确的做法是，以理解整个段落和整篇文章为主，在涵盖出题点的句子上用心捉摸。
上文中提到的《精英特速读记忆》，超级速读训练同时就顺带训练了记忆，而超级记忆部分的思维导图对全面阅读文章后，抓出文章脉络和重点有良好的作用。
所以建议大家可以尝试着学习一下。
3、如果是正在考试或者正在忙着备考的学生，我建议学习一下《精英特》，能够提高记忆力和学习效率，《精英特速读记忆》也是我们学校认可的。
希望你早日进步！
求初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题
Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态：1. We often use a recorder in our English class.2. They will show a new film next week.3. When did they build the house?4. I saw the boy enter the room.5. Will they show a new film next week?6. Have they posted the letter yet?7. We often see him help his classmate.8. You must turn off the light before you go to be.d9. Who is repairing the bike?10. The student should learn all the texts by heart.Ⅱ.选择填空：1.The reading room ________ yesterday afternoon.A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned2.The workers were made ________ ten hours a day.A. work B. to work C. working D. worked3.Food ________ in a cool place in summer.A. must keep B. mustn't keep C. must be kept D. mustn't be kept4.His father ________ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago.A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent5.The pen ________ well.A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing6.Great changes ________ in the town since 1988.A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place7.Our compositions must ________ next Monday.A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D. be handing in8.The child will ________ back to his parents next month.A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending9.________ his work ________ yet?A. have…been finished B. has …been finished C. has …finished D. have…finished10.The classroom ________ now A. is cleaning B. is being cleaning C. is being cleaned D. is cleaned Ⅲ.用适当时态和语态的动词填空：1. Can he ________ English?2. What language ________ in that country?3. The film ________ many times since last Sunday.4. These TV sets ________ in SiChuan.5. It has got so dark. Would you please ________ on the light?6. A new hospital ________ in this area now.1. ________ the book ________ .2. Rice ________ in the south.3. The window ________ by the boy.4. I ________ he ________ just now.Ⅳ.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者1. They will say nothing more about this matter.2. They have made some flowers of silk.3. He wrote a poem.4. The students are planting some trees and flowers.5. They are to open up a new business next week.6. Children couldn't have done all this damage.7. All of us will see him off at the airport.8. They feed the tigers at the zoo three times a day.9. You must hand in your homework before five.10. People say that she is a good teacher.Ⅴ. 用所给动词的正确形式填空1. English ________ in many countries.2. Information in short-term memory ________ very long.3. After that, one of the lights _______ and the rat had to wait for a short time.4. Just a few years ago, tomatoes _______ to have magical powers, making people who ate them fall in love.5. It is said new copies of the book _______ now.6. The old house _______ down next month.7. In the old days, the children _______ by the mother because she did not work outside the house.8. Needless to say, the second list of words ___ more easily than the first one.9. She _______ to another village when I got there.10. The teacher said that we _________ another chance some time next month if we failed in the exam.参考答案 I、1.A recorder is often used in our English class.2.A new film will be shown by then next week.3.When was the house built by them?4.The boy was seen to enter the room.5.Will a new film be shown by them next week?7.He is often seen to help his classmate.8.The light must be turned off before you go to bed.9.Who is the bike being repaired by? 10.All the texts should be learned by heart by the students.II、1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C III、1.speak 2.is spoken 3.has been shown4.are made 5.turn 6.is being built7.Has returned 8.is grown 9.wasn't broken10.was told didn't come Ⅳ.1. Nothing more will be said about this matter.2. Some flowers of silk have been made by them.3. A poem was written by him.4. Some trees and flowers are being planted by the students.5. A new business is to be opened up next week.6. All this damage couldn't have been done by children.7. He will be seen off at the airport by all of us.8. The tigers at the zoo are fed three times a day .9. Your homework must be handed in before five .10. It is said that she is a good teacher. Ⅴ. 1. is spoken 2. cannot be kept 3. was turned off ...
英语很好的进来看看啊,我高二了,可英语什么都不懂,那些什么...
英语语法是很有意思也很有逻辑性的，看似一些很难的东西其实弄懂了就一通百通。
英语中最变态的时态无非也就是过去将来完成进行时 也就是would have been doing，看起来没那么夸张对吧。
再此基础上加上被动或者从句等等。
英语的语法都是基础的东西累加起来的，如果我猜的不错你是不是连主谓宾定状补表都分不清。
给你两个建议，一个是找个讲语法讲的很好的老师（要能讲透彻讲明白从基础开始的那种）二是如果找不到合适的老师，推荐你看一下薛金星的高考英语语法（我当年看的是这个感觉还不错）最后，语言类学科语法只是工具，词汇才是关键，鉴于高中词汇量不算太夸张，多花些时间背背吧。
记住，一通百通，慢慢来，要有信心