首页 > 优美句子

初中语法句子成分 关于句子成分的英语语法初中水平

日期:2019年09月08日 分类:优美句子

句式结构我想起那个就写那个了 我想你知道定语 状语什么的加在哪里所以我就不多说了

1.主语+谓语

2.主语+谓语+宾语

3.主语+系动词+表语

4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语

这些是刚才那个人说的下面的我补充

6主语+主语补语+谓语+宾语

7同位语+,+主语+谓语+宾语

这些里有初二初三的东西 莫见笑

先说说从句 大致分为 宾从 状从 定从 主从 表从 同为从

所谓从句就是用一个句子代替主句中的成分

初二语法点 句式结构里有宾语从句 状语从句 直接引语变间接引语(说实话和宾从差不多)

宾语从句顾名思义就是用一个句子代替主句中的宾语(陈述句语序)除what is wrong with you做宾语从句时就这么说

状语从句有n多种 比如时间状 条件状 地点状 让步状 原因状 结果状 比较状 目的状

我就不多说了

初三语法点 句式结构里好像就是定语从句 还有一个 被动语态(那算语态里的我就说了吧)

定语从句中考考点就是关系代词和关系副词还有that which的区别

被动语态小学生都知道 但有些东西他们不明白啊 比如happen ,break out ,take place不被动

恩 好像没啥好说的您可以自己去查查

同为初中学生应该手里有一本语法书才对 我就有啊 顺便说一下我今年初一没见过世面

您那个位于包括表语 宾语 补足语 是谁告诉您的 大多数谓语就是动词啊 有些可被看做谓语动词不定式之类的 您说的我就不懂了

祝您 平安 并请加分 谢谢

一个初中语法 句子成分没看懂。语法看多了有点迷糊了。。

主语 系动词 表语.

  首先我想明确一个概念——谓语部分:谓语predicate和表语predicative,从词形上就可以看出是同源词,因为在英语中,一个句子最关键的是动词,一个句子在划分成分时最初也是先划成主语部分和谓语部分(汉语语法中也有这种分发,这种研究方式也是对印欧语系语言研究方式的一种承袭)。谓语部分包括了除去主语及其修饰成分以外的部分。

  回头看你的例句,句子的核心是be capable(因为be不是一个实意动词,而是一个copula,系词)。将主语和核心词结合在一起(当然动词需要进行恰当的时、态、式的变化)就是:They may not be capable. 这是典型的主-系-表的结构。请注意在有表语时,系词并不称为谓语,因为系词和表语在一起构成了谓语。

  最后看剩下的of future work,是一个介词短语,细分的话,work 是of 的宾语(Object, 其实就是对象),future 是work 的定语。这个成分是用来解释说明capable,可以细化“有能力”的具体方面。可以理解为起到补充说明的补足语(Complement)。但由于长期的使用,capable 与of 融合在一起,成为一个只能做表语的短语。

  现代英语在很多时候分析的过程不适合过多的考虑其中某部分在句子成分,因为现代用介词短语表达的方法有很多是过去用格表达的(格在代词中仍有体现。参考代词和名词的主格、属格、与格和宾格:I/my/me/me;the student/of the student/to the student/the student)。在过去一个可做谓语的动词或可做表语的形容词会要求与某一格的词搭配,而现代英语中在要求与某一个介词的短语进行搭配,这些动词。形容词与介词短语的融合形成了一些不及物动词和形容词短语。参考句子:He complained about the meeting. 显然,the meeting不能考虑为complain的宾语,而是about the meeting 作为complain 的补充说明。你的例句同理。

  综上,划分句子成分是使得句子的逻辑更清晰、更便于理解的一种方式。在理解句意的基础上,拆开一个结构的某一部分去分析其在剧中的成分意义并不大,因为可能没有一个专门的术语来称呼这种结构,但我们还是可以分析句子各个细节之间的关系,比如限定、解释、提供原因等等。

英语初中相关语法知识 句子成分主要是怎么判断的 都有哪些固定短语 特殊疑问句一般疑问句如何区分

句子成分:定语的话,就是修饰名词的,譬如a nice girl,nice就是定语了,就像语文中的一个聪明的人,聪明就是定语;补语的话搞清楚宾补就可以了,宾补就是对宾补继续修饰的,有很多形式,譬如(1)不定式to do(i ask him to go. to go就是宾补,him是宾语);(2)名词(make him our leader. our leader就是宾补,him是宾语);(3)形容词(make me happy。happy是宾补,me是宾语);(4)副词(ask him back to school. back to school是宾补,him是宾补。状语的话,就是你把这个成分去掉之后整句话还是成立的,如I met him in the room,你把in the room去掉句子还是完整的,所以in the room 就是状语了,表示地点、时间一些无关紧要的东西

句子类型:①有how,where,when,who等这些疑问词的就是特殊疑问句,有具体的问的是什么,回答的就是根据疑问词来回答,而一般疑问句是把助动词,be动词等放到句首作为疑问,例如he went home at six.对这句话改为一般疑问句就是did he go home at six?因为went是过去式,所以用did,一般可以用yes,no,实在分不清用这种办法也是基本可以行得通的。。

②祈使句,你把它翻译成中文,一般语气干脆利落的就是祈使句了,Do put the book on the desk,

就是祈使句,译为把书放在桌子上,祈使句开头的动词都是原形啊,句式没有倒装什么的,但不好说是陈述句,因为陈述句要有主语,谓语,宾语,这些构成句子元素的东西,而例子中就没有主语。否定句么就是有“不”的意思的咯,还有就是never、little、few这些否定词,这些要记记的,反义疑问句的时候要用

③倒装句开头要是介词(in front of the desk lay a book)、副词(here comes a bus,但如果是人称代词,如here you come的话就只能是陈述句了)、否定词(nowhere can you find him)、only,,初中阶段要求不高,高中会系统教你的

句式:主谓宾—i am a student, i 主语,am谓语,a student宾语,加个with much homework,就是宾补了,修饰a student,是有很多作业的学生。关于间宾和直宾,i choose you my partner, you 是间宾,my partner是直宾,简单说,你说这句话的内容是在“我的合作者”,而非“你”,my partner是作用的对象

大概理理清楚好了,我初中的时候也挺模糊的,做的看的多了,慢慢就会清楚的,而且如今的考试对语法已经弱化,不是特别重要,而且初高中教育阶段会给你讲很多语法,加上多培养语感和大量练习,语法自然都能理通,建议你在空余时间投入精力于单词、阅读等,在高中时会很有用

初中英语句子成分有几种

在明确了主语后,我们再来说谓语。谓语是用来回答、说明、解释主语

做什么

什么

怎么样

等的部分。英语句子中,除少数情况外,谓语必须是动词。而且,除了倒

装等特殊情况外,谓语的位置相对来说是固定的,它总是位于主语的后面。

1. His parents are teachers.

(系动词和表语一起作谓语)

2. We study hard.

(行为动词作谓语)

3. We have finished reading the book.

(助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)

4. He can speak English.

(情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)

(三)

、宾语

从语法角度说,及物动词后面要接宾语

。从意义上来说,宾语是动

作的对象、目标。

宾语是对谓语动词的进一步说明和解释。

1. We often help him.

(代词作宾语)

2. He likes to play basketball.

(不定式作宾语)

3. We enjoy listening to the music.

(动名词短语作宾语)

4. She said

that she felt sick.

(从句做宾语)

The sun gives us light and warmth.

us

为间接宾语,

light and warmth

为直接宾语)

1

、间接宾语多指人,直接宾语多指物。可以带两个宾语的动词有:

bring, give, show, send,

pass, tell

等。

间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。

2

、如果强调直接宾语,可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的前面,但间接宾语前须加介词

“to”

“for”

to

的动词有:

give, bring, pass, lend, sell, send, show, tell, write

等。

Give your mother the letter.

Give

the letter

to

your mother.

直接宾语

间接宾语

for

的动词有:

buy, find, cook, draw, get, sing

等。

Can you find me my bag?

Can you find

my bag

for

me?

直接宾语

间接宾语

这正是:人前物后看清楚,换位要加

for

to

(四)

、宾语补足语

现在一般认为,宾语补足语是对宾语进行进一步的补充说明。宾语补足语主要与英语及物

动词有关。这个问题我想分两点来说明。

1

、英语中有些及物动词,不但会涉及到一个对象

,还会使宾语产生一种结果。动词

引发宾语的结果就是宾语补足语。例如:

We call him Little Tom.

They made her happy.

I find smoking bad for health.

这一类带宾语补足语的动词有:

regard, see

treat, take

consider, look up, refer to, accept, acknowledge

describe, use, show, organize, express

等。

2

、英语中表示看、听之类的动词,不仅看到一个人

,还会看到他在做什么事。宾语

所做的事也是宾语补足语。例如:

I saw a bird in a cage.

We heard her singing a song.

这一类带宾语补足语动词有:

see, hear, notice, watch, feel, observe

等。

补充说明:

I'm going to paint it pink.

句子中的

it

显然是宾语。但是主语将要做的并不是

it

,而是

paint it pink

pink

是句子

中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,也就是说从逻辑上来讲,是执行了

paint

的动作。

句子中的

pink

是形容词做宾语补足语。能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有:不定

式,现在分词,过去分词,形容词,副词,介宾短语等。一般情况下,宾补通常紧跟在宾

语之后。

比如:

I find learning English difficult. Seeing is believing. (动名词)

To see is to believe.(不定式) What he needs is a book.(主语从句)

It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.

(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)

. 选出句中谓语的中心词

① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast

3. 表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

He is a teacher. (名词) Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)

Five and five is ten. (数词) He is asleep. (形容词)

His father is in.(副词) The picture is on the wall.

My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)

The question is whether they will come. (表语从句)

(常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来), look(看起来), feel 挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?

③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.

⑤ She was the first to learn about it.

4. 宾语:1)动宾表示行为的对象,常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如:

I like China. (名词) He hates you. (代词)

How many do you need? We need two. (数词)I enjoy working with you. (动名词)

I hope to see you again. (不定式) Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)

2) 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾

Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.

3) 双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)

He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.

挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother hasn't done his homework.

② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

④ How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

5. 宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。

We elected him monitor. (名词) We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. (名词)

We will make them happy. (形容词) We found nobody in.

Please make yourself at home. (介词短语) Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式)

His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带to不定式)

Don’t keep the lights burning. (现在分词) I’ll have my bike repaired. (过去分词)

挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

② He asked her to take the boy out of school.

③ She found it difficult to do the work.

④ They call me Lily sometimes.

⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.

⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

6. 定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。

Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词) He is our friend. (代词)

We belong to the third world.(数词) He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词)

The man over there is my old friend.

The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.

The boys playing football are in Class 2. (现在分词)

The trees planted last year are growing well now. (过去分词)

I have an idea to do it well.(不定式) You should do everything that I do. (定语从句)

挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.

② What is your given name?

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.

④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.

7. 状语:用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。(以下例句按上述顺序排列)

I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meeting room.

The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He studies hard to learn English well.

He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much.

If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike.

Though he is young, he can do it well.

挑出下列句中的状语

① There was a big smile on her face.

② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.

④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

① Please tell us a story.

② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.

④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.

⑤ Did he leave any message for me?

参 考 答 案

① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do

① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C

① tired ② worried ③ yellow ④ interested ⑤ first

① his homework ② English ③ your pronunciation ④ new words ⑤ to go swimming

① to read newspapers and books in the reading-room ② to take the boy out of school

③ Lily ④ get on the bus ⑤ playing football on the playground

① family ② given ③ third ④ some ⑤ downstairs

① on the face ② Every night ③ when he was eleven ④ fast ⑤ off

① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语 ② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语

③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语 ④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语

⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语

返回顶部